[v2,2/2] x86/retpoline,kprobes: Skip optprobe check for indirect jumps with retpolines and IBT

  The kprobes optimization check can_optimize() calls
insn_is_indirect_jump() to detect indirect jump instructions in
a target function. If any is found, creating an optprobe is disallowed
in the function because the jump could be from a jump table and could
potentially land in the middle of the target optprobe.

With retpolines, insn_is_indirect_jump() additionally looks for calls to
indirect thunks which the compiler potentially used to replace original
jumps. This extra check is however unnecessary because jump tables are
disabled when the kernel is built with retpolines. The same is currently
the case with IBT.

Based on this observation, remove the logic to look for calls to
indirect thunks and skip the check for indirect jumps altogether if the
kernel is built with retpolines or IBT. Remove subsequently the symbols
__indirect_thunk_start and __indirect_thunk_end which are no longer
needed.

Dropping this logic indirectly fixes a problem where the range
[__indirect_thunk_start, __indirect_thunk_end] wrongly included also the
return thunk. It caused that machines which used the return thunk as
a mitigation and didn't have it patched by any alternative ended up not
being able to use optprobes in any regular function.

Fixes: 0b53c374b9ef ("x86/retpoline: Use -mfunction-return")
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h |  3 ---
 arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c        | 40 +++++++++++-----------------
 arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S        |  2 --
 tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c       |  4 +--
 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
  

On Tue, 11 Jul 2023 11:19:52 +0200
Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com> wrote:

> The kprobes optimization check can_optimize() calls
> insn_is_indirect_jump() to detect indirect jump instructions in
> a target function. If any is found, creating an optprobe is disallowed
> in the function because the jump could be from a jump table and could
> potentially land in the middle of the target optprobe.
> 
> With retpolines, insn_is_indirect_jump() additionally looks for calls to
> indirect thunks which the compiler potentially used to replace original
> jumps. This extra check is however unnecessary because jump tables are
> disabled when the kernel is built with retpolines. The same is currently
> the case with IBT.
> 
> Based on this observation, remove the logic to look for calls to
> indirect thunks and skip the check for indirect jumps altogether if the
> kernel is built with retpolines or IBT. Remove subsequently the symbols
> __indirect_thunk_start and __indirect_thunk_end which are no longer
> needed.
> 
> Dropping this logic indirectly fixes a problem where the range
> [__indirect_thunk_start, __indirect_thunk_end] wrongly included also the
> return thunk. It caused that machines which used the return thunk as
> a mitigation and didn't have it patched by any alternative ended up not
> being able to use optprobes in any regular function.

This looks good to me.

Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>

Thanks!

> 
> Fixes: 0b53c374b9ef ("x86/retpoline: Use -mfunction-return")
> Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
> Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
> Signed-off-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
> ---
>  arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h |  3 ---
>  arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c        | 40 +++++++++++-----------------
>  arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S        |  2 --
>  tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c       |  4 +--
>  4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
> index 55388c9f7601..c5460be93fa7 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/nospec-branch.h
> @@ -461,9 +461,6 @@ enum ssb_mitigation {
>  	SPEC_STORE_BYPASS_SECCOMP,
>  };
>  
> -extern char __indirect_thunk_start[];
> -extern char __indirect_thunk_end[];
> -
>  static __always_inline
>  void alternative_msr_write(unsigned int msr, u64 val, unsigned int feature)
>  {
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
> index 57b0037d0a99..517821b48391 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c
> @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static int copy_optimized_instructions(u8 *dest, u8 *src, u8 *real)
>  }
>  
>  /* Check whether insn is indirect jump */
> -static int __insn_is_indirect_jump(struct insn *insn)
> +static int insn_is_indirect_jump(struct insn *insn)
>  {
>  	return ((insn->opcode.bytes[0] == 0xff &&
>  		(X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.value) & 6) == 4) || /* Jump */
> @@ -260,26 +260,6 @@ static int insn_jump_into_range(struct insn *insn, unsigned long start, int len)
>  	return (start <= target && target <= start + len);
>  }
>  
> -static int insn_is_indirect_jump(struct insn *insn)
> -{
> -	int ret = __insn_is_indirect_jump(insn);
> -
> -#ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
> -	/*
> -	 * Jump to x86_indirect_thunk_* is treated as an indirect jump.
> -	 * Note that even with CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y, the kernel compiled with
> -	 * older gcc may use indirect jump. So we add this check instead of
> -	 * replace indirect-jump check.
> -	 */
> -	if (!ret)
> -		ret = insn_jump_into_range(insn,
> -				(unsigned long)__indirect_thunk_start,
> -				(unsigned long)__indirect_thunk_end -
> -				(unsigned long)__indirect_thunk_start);
> -#endif
> -	return ret;
> -}
> -
>  /* Decode whole function to ensure any instructions don't jump into target */
>  static int can_optimize(unsigned long paddr)
>  {
> @@ -334,9 +314,21 @@ static int can_optimize(unsigned long paddr)
>  		/* Recover address */
>  		insn.kaddr = (void *)addr;
>  		insn.next_byte = (void *)(addr + insn.length);
> -		/* Check any instructions don't jump into target */
> -		if (insn_is_indirect_jump(&insn) ||
> -		    insn_jump_into_range(&insn, paddr + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
> +		/*
> +		 * Check any instructions don't jump into target, indirectly or
> +		 * directly.
> +		 *
> +		 * The indirect case is present to handle a code with jump
> +		 * tables. When the kernel uses retpolines, the check should in
> +		 * theory additionally look for jumps to indirect thunks.
> +		 * However, the kernel built with retpolines or IBT has jump
> +		 * tables disabled so the check can be skipped altogether.
> +		 */
> +		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RETPOLINE) &&
> +		    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT) &&
> +		    insn_is_indirect_jump(&insn))
> +			return 0;
> +		if (insn_jump_into_range(&insn, paddr + INT3_INSN_SIZE,
>  					 DISP32_SIZE))
>  			return 0;
>  		addr += insn.length;
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> index a4cd04c458df..dd5b0a68cf84 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> @@ -133,9 +133,7 @@ SECTIONS
>  		KPROBES_TEXT
>  		SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
>  #ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
> -		__indirect_thunk_start = .;
>  		*(.text..__x86.*)
> -		__indirect_thunk_end = .;
>  #endif
>  		STATIC_CALL_TEXT
>  
> diff --git a/tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c b/tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c
> index 374d142e7390..c6a0a27b12c2 100644
> --- a/tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c
> +++ b/tools/perf/util/thread-stack.c
> @@ -1038,9 +1038,7 @@ static int thread_stack__trace_end(struct thread_stack *ts,
>  
>  static bool is_x86_retpoline(const char *name)
>  {
> -	const char *p = strstr(name, "__x86_indirect_thunk_");
> -
> -	return p == name || !strcmp(name, "__indirect_thunk_start");
> +	return strstr(name, "__x86_indirect_thunk_") == name;
>  }
>  
>  /*
> -- 
> 2.35.3
>