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[2620:137:e000::1:20]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id kz14-20020a170902f9ce00b0019aa0d010eesi3695684plb.308.2023.06.09.23.16.57; Fri, 09 Jun 2023 23:17:14 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org designates 2620:137:e000::1:20 as permitted sender) client-ip=2620:137:e000::1:20; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@infradead.org header.s=bombadil.20210309 header.b=Oxl7XjHx; spf=pass (google.com: domain of linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org designates 2620:137:e000::1:20 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S231872AbjFJFnP (ORCPT + 99 others); Sat, 10 Jun 2023 01:43:15 -0400 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:47580 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S230493AbjFJFnN (ORCPT ); Sat, 10 Jun 2023 01:43:13 -0400 Received: from bombadil.infradead.org (bombadil.infradead.org [IPv6:2607:7c80:54:3::133]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 3227F3AA3 for ; Fri, 9 Jun 2023 22:43:12 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=infradead.org; s=bombadil.20210309; h=Content-Transfer-Encoding: MIME-Version:Message-ID:Date:Subject:Cc:To:From:Sender:Reply-To:Content-Type: Content-ID:Content-Description:In-Reply-To:References; bh=3E3RMUEpG9p/4/pgtUAbLe6jed5Tpov9MGa9vuVYHA8=; b=Oxl7XjHxrmWf42qVYof+9N6Wf7 JC7eJ9uHB8Bt3Hyz0awCV8sn5uARn6mzs5tj4QNBnow6urZ29s+lbe1UFURP8s6yoxjUecFNscYZa wkMIk7rET0QmfuDr/jJJB4dyrijWSGy5z2zX6Ogy3mjAyCbLdIysmcJjVH1+6pybhoMtvVPfQjO10 2U9oMGWBOvonApyOEniQShJAQHGiAKg3Z629Hgo4wHZdTCdKsfVtvXSm4sAnt3vQMUht1DUJqoU3c jRIK6n7AyrPptS+IlYSOfs+O2FIIJdXlIoq0IEAn+2flmJfP56jloShxeQwQnh4nS/3duOACqDuJU OW60QsHQ==; Received: from [2601:1c2:980:9ec0::2764] (helo=bombadil.infradead.org) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtpsa (Exim 4.96 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1q7rNX-00FJ2Y-0p; Sat, 10 Jun 2023 05:43:11 +0000 From: Randy Dunlap To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: Randy Dunlap , Juergen Gross , Ajay Kaher , Alexey Makhalov , VMware PV-Drivers Reviewers , virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org, x86@kernel.org, Paolo Bonzini , "Luke Nowakowski-Krijger" , Luis Chamberlain Subject: [PATCH] Documentation: virt: clean up paravirt_ops doc. Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2023 22:43:10 -0700 Message-ID: <20230610054310.6242-1-rdunlap@infradead.org> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.41.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.4 required=5.0 tests=BAYES_00,DKIM_SIGNED, DKIM_VALID,DKIM_VALID_AU,DKIM_VALID_EF,RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED,SPF_HELO_NONE, SPF_NONE,T_SCC_BODY_TEXT_LINE,URIBL_BLOCKED autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.6 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.6 (2021-04-09) on lindbergh.monkeyblade.net Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org X-getmail-retrieved-from-mailbox: =?utf-8?q?INBOX?= X-GMAIL-THRID: =?utf-8?q?1768295324189120758?= X-GMAIL-MSGID: =?utf-8?q?1768295324189120758?= Clarify language. Clean up grammar. Hyphenate some words. Change "low-ops" to "low-level" since "low-ops" isn't defined or even mentioned anywhere else in the kernel source tree. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Cc: Juergen Gross Cc: Ajay Kaher Cc: Alexey Makhalov Cc: VMware PV-Drivers Reviewers Cc: virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Cc: x86@kernel.org Cc: Paolo Bonzini Cc: "Luke Nowakowski-Krijger" Cc: Luis Chamberlain Acked-by: Juergen Gross --- Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff -- a/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst b/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst --- a/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst +++ b/Documentation/virt/paravirt_ops.rst @@ -5,31 +5,31 @@ Paravirt_ops ============ Linux provides support for different hypervisor virtualization technologies. -Historically different binary kernels would be required in order to support -different hypervisors, this restriction was removed with pv_ops. +Historically, different binary kernels would be required in order to support +different hypervisors; this restriction was removed with pv_ops. Linux pv_ops is a virtualization API which enables support for different hypervisors. It allows each hypervisor to override critical operations and allows a single kernel binary to run on all supported execution environments including native machine -- without any hypervisors. pv_ops provides a set of function pointers which represent operations -corresponding to low level critical instructions and high level -functionalities in various areas. pv-ops allows for optimizations at run -time by enabling binary patching of the low-ops critical operations +corresponding to low-level critical instructions and high-level +functionalities in various areas. pv_ops allows for optimizations at run +time by enabling binary patching of the low-level critical operations at boot time. pv_ops operations are classified into three categories: - simple indirect call - These operations correspond to high level functionality where it is + These operations correspond to high-level functionality where it is known that the overhead of indirect call isn't very important. - indirect call which allows optimization with binary patch - Usually these operations correspond to low level critical instructions. They + Usually these operations correspond to low-level critical instructions. They are called frequently and are performance critical. The overhead is very important. - a set of macros for hand written assembly code Hand written assembly codes (.S files) also need paravirtualization - because they include sensitive instructions or some of code paths in + because they include sensitive instructions or some code paths in them are very performance critical.