diff --git a/arch/Kconfig b/arch/Kconfig
index 205fd23e0cad..171e6b5e61b8 100644
--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -285,6 +285,9 @@ config ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED
 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_CLEAR_UNCACHED
 	bool
 
+config ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
+	bool
+
 # Select if arch init_task must go in the __init_task_data section
 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ON_STACK
 	bool
diff --git a/arch/alpha/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/alpha/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 78030d1c7e7e..000000000000
--- a/arch/alpha/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  include/asm-alpha/bugs.h
- *
- *  Copyright (C) 1994  Linus Torvalds
- */
-
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
- */
-
-/*
- * I don't know of any alpha bugs yet.. Nice chip
- */
-
-static void check_bugs(void)
-{
-}
diff --git a/arch/arm/Kconfig b/arch/arm/Kconfig
index 0fb4b218f665..d6ebe3e1f8d1 100644
--- a/arch/arm/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm/Kconfig
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ config ARM
 	select ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
 	select ARCH_CORRECT_STACKTRACE_ON_KRETPROBE if HAVE_KRETPROBES && FRAME_POINTER && !ARM_UNWIND
 	select ARCH_HAS_BINFMT_FLAT
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT if MMU
 	select ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER
 	select ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL if MMU
 	select ARCH_HAS_DMA_WRITE_COMBINE if !ARM_DMA_MEM_BUFFERABLE
diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/bugs.h
index 97a312ba0840..fe385551edec 100644
--- a/arch/arm/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/bugs.h
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
- *  arch/arm/include/asm/bugs.h
- *
  *  Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Russell King
  */
 #ifndef __ASM_BUGS_H
@@ -10,10 +8,8 @@
 extern void check_writebuffer_bugs(void);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
-extern void check_bugs(void);
 extern void check_other_bugs(void);
 #else
-#define check_bugs() do { } while (0)
 #define check_other_bugs() do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/bugs.c b/arch/arm/kernel/bugs.c
index 14c8dbbb7d2d..087bce6ec8e9 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/bugs.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <asm/bugs.h>
 #include <asm/proc-fns.h>
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ void check_other_bugs(void)
 #endif
 }
 
-void __init check_bugs(void)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 {
 	check_writebuffer_bugs();
 	check_other_bugs();
diff --git a/arch/ia64/Kconfig b/arch/ia64/Kconfig
index 21fa63ce5ffc..2cd93e6bf0fe 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/ia64/Kconfig
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ menu "Processor type and features"
 config IA64
 	bool
 	select ARCH_BINFMT_ELF_EXTRA_PHDRS
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_DMA_MARK_CLEAN
 	select ARCH_HAS_STRNCPY_FROM_USER
 	select ARCH_HAS_STRNLEN_USER
diff --git a/arch/ia64/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/ia64/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d6b9bded56c..000000000000
--- a/arch/ia64/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
- *
- * Based on <asm-alpha/bugs.h>.
- *
- * Modified 1998, 1999, 2003
- *	David Mosberger-Tang <davidm@hpl.hp.com>,  Hewlett-Packard Co.
- */
-#ifndef _ASM_IA64_BUGS_H
-#define _ASM_IA64_BUGS_H
-
-#include <asm/processor.h>
-
-extern void check_bugs (void);
-
-#endif /* _ASM_IA64_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/setup.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/setup.c
index c05728044272..9009f1871e3b 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/setup.c
@@ -1067,8 +1067,7 @@ cpu_init (void)
 	}
 }
 
-void __init
-check_bugs (void)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 {
 	ia64_patch_mckinley_e9((unsigned long) __start___mckinley_e9_bundles,
 			       (unsigned long) __end___mckinley_e9_bundles);
diff --git a/arch/loongarch/Kconfig b/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
index d38b066fc931..cbab4f9ca15c 100644
--- a/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/loongarch/Kconfig
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ config LOONGARCH
 	select ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 	select ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
 	select ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE	if ACPI
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
 	select ARCH_HAS_NMI_SAFE_THIS_CPU_OPS
 	select ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
diff --git a/arch/loongarch/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/loongarch/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 98396535163b..000000000000
--- a/arch/loongarch/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2020-2022 Loongson Technology Corporation Limited
- */
-#ifndef _ASM_BUGS_H
-#define _ASM_BUGS_H
-
-#include <asm/cpu.h>
-#include <asm/cpu-info.h>
-
-extern void check_bugs(void);
-
-#endif /* _ASM_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/arch/loongarch/kernel/setup.c b/arch/loongarch/kernel/setup.c
index 4444b13418f0..78a00359bde3 100644
--- a/arch/loongarch/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/loongarch/kernel/setup.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
  */
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/acpi.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/dmi.h>
 #include <linux/efi.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
@@ -37,7 +38,6 @@
 #include <asm/addrspace.h>
 #include <asm/alternative.h>
 #include <asm/bootinfo.h>
-#include <asm/bugs.h>
 #include <asm/cache.h>
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
 #include <asm/dma.h>
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ const char *get_system_type(void)
 	return "generic-loongson-machine";
 }
 
-void __init check_bugs(void)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 {
 	alternative_instructions();
 }
diff --git a/arch/m68k/Kconfig b/arch/m68k/Kconfig
index 40198a1ebe27..dc792b321f1e 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/Kconfig
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ config M68K
 	default y
 	select ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
 	select ARCH_HAS_BINFMT_FLAT
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT if MMU
 	select ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER
 	select ARCH_HAS_DMA_PREP_COHERENT if HAS_DMA && MMU && !COLDFIRE
 	select ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_DEVICE if HAS_DMA
diff --git a/arch/m68k/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/m68k/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 745530651e0b..000000000000
--- a/arch/m68k/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/*
- *  include/asm-m68k/bugs.h
- *
- *  Copyright (C) 1994  Linus Torvalds
- */
-
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
- */
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
-extern void check_bugs(void);	/* in arch/m68k/kernel/setup.c */
-#else
-static void check_bugs(void)
-{
-}
-#endif
diff --git a/arch/m68k/kernel/setup_mm.c b/arch/m68k/kernel/setup_mm.c
index fbff1cea62ca..6f1ae01f322c 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/kernel/setup_mm.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/kernel/setup_mm.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
@@ -504,7 +505,7 @@ static int __init proc_hardware_init(void)
 module_init(proc_hardware_init);
 #endif
 
-void check_bugs(void)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 {
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPU) && !defined(CONFIG_M68KFPU_EMU)
 	if (m68k_fputype == 0) {
diff --git a/arch/mips/Kconfig b/arch/mips/Kconfig
index c2f5498d207f..023d3bd8956b 100644
--- a/arch/mips/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/mips/Kconfig
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ config MIPS
 	default y
 	select ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T if !64BIT
 	select ARCH_BINFMT_ELF_STATE if MIPS_FP_SUPPORT
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER if !CC_IS_CLANG || CLANG_VERSION >= 140000
 	select ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL if !64BIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/bugs.h
index 653f78f3a685..84be74afcb9a 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/bugs.h
@@ -1,17 +1,11 @@
 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
  * Copyright (C) 2007  Maciej W. Rozycki
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
  */
 #ifndef _ASM_BUGS_H
 #define _ASM_BUGS_H
 
 #include <linux/bug.h>
-#include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
 
 #include <asm/cpu.h>
@@ -24,17 +18,6 @@ extern void check_bugs64_early(void);
 extern void check_bugs32(void);
 extern void check_bugs64(void);
 
-static inline void __init check_bugs(void)
-{
-	unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
-
-	cpu_data[cpu].udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
-	check_bugs32();
-
-	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))
-		check_bugs64();
-}
-
 static inline int r4k_daddiu_bug(void)
 {
 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))
diff --git a/arch/mips/kernel/setup.c b/arch/mips/kernel/setup.c
index febdc5564638..07a151803ee0 100644
--- a/arch/mips/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/mips/kernel/setup.c
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007	 Maciej W. Rozycki
  */
 #include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/ioport.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
@@ -840,3 +842,14 @@ static int __init setnocoherentio(char *str)
 }
 early_param("nocoherentio", setnocoherentio);
 #endif
+
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
+{
+	unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
+
+	cpu_data[cpu].udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
+	check_bugs32();
+
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_R4X00_BUGS64))
+		check_bugs64();
+}
diff --git a/arch/parisc/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/parisc/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0a7f9db6bd1c..000000000000
--- a/arch/parisc/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/*
- *  include/asm-parisc/bugs.h
- *
- *  Copyright (C) 1999	Mike Shaver
- */
-
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
- */
-
-#include <asm/processor.h>
-
-static inline void check_bugs(void)
-{
-//	identify_cpu(&boot_cpu_data);
-}
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 01b8f6ca4dbb..000000000000
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
-#ifndef _ASM_POWERPC_BUGS_H
-#define _ASM_POWERPC_BUGS_H
-
-/*
- */
-
-/*
- * This file is included by 'init/main.c' to check for
- * architecture-dependent bugs.
- */
-
-static inline void check_bugs(void) { }
-
-#endif	/* _ASM_POWERPC_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/arch/sh/Kconfig b/arch/sh/Kconfig
index 9652d367fc37..e339745f62a1 100644
--- a/arch/sh/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/sh/Kconfig
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ config SUPERH
 	select ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE if SPARSEMEM && MMU
 	select ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG if (GUSA_RB || CPU_SH4A)
 	select ARCH_HAS_BINFMT_FLAT if !MMU
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER
 	select ARCH_HAS_GIGANTIC_PAGE
 	select ARCH_HAS_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
diff --git a/arch/sh/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/sh/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index fe52abb69cea..000000000000
--- a/arch/sh/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-#ifndef __ASM_SH_BUGS_H
-#define __ASM_SH_BUGS_H
-
-/*
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Needs:
- *	void check_bugs(void);
- */
-
-/*
- * I don't know of any Super-H bugs yet.
- */
-
-#include <asm/processor.h>
-
-extern void select_idle_routine(void);
-
-static void __init check_bugs(void)
-{
-	extern unsigned long loops_per_jiffy;
-	char *p = &init_utsname()->machine[2]; /* "sh" */
-
-	select_idle_routine();
-
-	current_cpu_data.loops_per_jiffy = loops_per_jiffy;
-
-	switch (current_cpu_data.family) {
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH2:
-		*p++ = '2';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH2A:
-		*p++ = '2';
-		*p++ = 'a';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH3:
-		*p++ = '3';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4:
-		*p++ = '4';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4A:
-		*p++ = '4';
-		*p++ = 'a';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4AL_DSP:
-		*p++ = '4';
-		*p++ = 'a';
-		*p++ = 'l';
-		*p++ = '-';
-		*p++ = 'd';
-		*p++ = 's';
-		*p++ = 'p';
-		break;
-	case CPU_FAMILY_UNKNOWN:
-		/*
-		 * Specifically use CPU_FAMILY_UNKNOWN rather than
-		 * default:, so we're able to have the compiler whine
-		 * about unhandled enumerations.
-		 */
-		break;
-	}
-
-	printk("CPU: %s\n", get_cpu_subtype(&current_cpu_data));
-
-#ifndef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
-	/* 'eb' means 'Endian Big' */
-	*p++ = 'e';
-	*p++ = 'b';
-#endif
-	*p = '\0';
-}
-#endif /* __ASM_SH_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/arch/sh/include/asm/processor.h b/arch/sh/include/asm/processor.h
index 85a6c1c3c16e..73fba7c922f9 100644
--- a/arch/sh/include/asm/processor.h
+++ b/arch/sh/include/asm/processor.h
@@ -166,6 +166,8 @@ extern unsigned int instruction_size(unsigned int insn);
 #define instruction_size(insn)	(2)
 #endif
 
+void select_idle_routine(void);
+
 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
 
 #include <asm/processor_32.h>
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/idle.c b/arch/sh/kernel/idle.c
index d662503b0665..045d93f151fd 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/idle.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/idle.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include <linux/irqflags.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <asm/processor.h>
 #include <asm/smp.h>
 #include <asm/bl_bit.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c b/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
index af977ec4ca5e..cf7c0f72f293 100644
--- a/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/sh/kernel/setup.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <asm/smp.h>
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 #include <asm/mmzone.h>
+#include <asm/processor.h>
 #include <asm/sparsemem.h>
 #include <asm/platform_early.h>
 
@@ -354,3 +355,57 @@ int test_mode_pin(int pin)
 {
 	return sh_mv.mv_mode_pins() & pin;
 }
+
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
+{
+	char *p = &init_utsname()->machine[2]; /* "sh" */
+
+	select_idle_routine();
+
+	current_cpu_data.loops_per_jiffy = loops_per_jiffy;
+
+	switch (current_cpu_data.family) {
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH2:
+		*p++ = '2';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH2A:
+		*p++ = '2';
+		*p++ = 'a';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH3:
+		*p++ = '3';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4:
+		*p++ = '4';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4A:
+		*p++ = '4';
+		*p++ = 'a';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_SH4AL_DSP:
+		*p++ = '4';
+		*p++ = 'a';
+		*p++ = 'l';
+		*p++ = '-';
+		*p++ = 'd';
+		*p++ = 's';
+		*p++ = 'p';
+		break;
+	case CPU_FAMILY_UNKNOWN:
+		/*
+		 * Specifically use CPU_FAMILY_UNKNOWN rather than
+		 * default:, so we're able to have the compiler whine
+		 * about unhandled enumerations.
+		 */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	pr_info("CPU: %s\n", get_cpu_subtype(&current_cpu_data));
+
+#ifndef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+	/* 'eb' means 'Endian Big' */
+	*p++ = 'e';
+	*p++ = 'b';
+#endif
+	*p = '\0';
+}
diff --git a/arch/sparc/Kconfig b/arch/sparc/Kconfig
index 8535e19062f6..36fd488ccbfa 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/sparc/Kconfig
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ config SPARC
 config SPARC32
 	def_bool !64BIT
 	select ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT if !SMP
 	select ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_CPU
 	select CLZ_TAB
 	select DMA_DIRECT_REMAP
diff --git a/arch/sparc/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/sparc/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 02fa369b9c21..000000000000
--- a/arch/sparc/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-/* include/asm/bugs.h:  Sparc probes for various bugs.
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1996, 2007 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
- */
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SPARC32
-#include <asm/cpudata.h>
-#endif
-
-extern unsigned long loops_per_jiffy;
-
-static void __init check_bugs(void)
-{
-#if defined(CONFIG_SPARC32) && !defined(CONFIG_SMP)
-	cpu_data(0).udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
-#endif
-}
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/setup_32.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/setup_32.c
index c8e0dd99f370..c9d1ba4f311b 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/setup_32.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/setup_32.c
@@ -412,3 +412,10 @@ static int __init topology_init(void)
 }
 
 subsys_initcall(topology_init);
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_SPARC32) && !defined(CONFIG_SMP)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
+{
+	cpu_data(0).udelay_val = loops_per_jiffy;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/um/Kconfig b/arch/um/Kconfig
index 541a9b18e343..887cfb636c26 100644
--- a/arch/um/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/um/Kconfig
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ config UML
 	bool
 	default y
 	select ARCH_EPHEMERAL_INODES
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
 	select ARCH_HAS_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
 	select ARCH_HAS_KCOV
diff --git a/arch/um/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/um/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 4473942a0839..000000000000
--- a/arch/um/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-#ifndef __UM_BUGS_H
-#define __UM_BUGS_H
-
-void check_bugs(void);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c b/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
index 0a23a98d4ca0..918fed7ad4d8 100644
--- a/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
+++ b/arch/um/kernel/um_arch.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2007 Jeff Dike (jdike@{addtoit,linux.intel}.com)
  */
 
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
@@ -430,7 +431,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	}
 }
 
-void __init check_bugs(void)
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
 {
 	arch_check_bugs();
 	os_check_bugs();
diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index 53bab123a8ee..e8ebafabd099 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ config X86
 	select ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE	if ACPI
 	select ARCH_HAS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE
 	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_CACHE_INVALIDATE_MEMREGION
+	select ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
 	select ARCH_HAS_CURRENT_STACK_POINTER
 	select ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
 	select ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VM_PGTABLE	if !X86_PAE
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/bugs.h
index 92ae28389940..f25ca2d709d4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/bugs.h
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 
 #include <asm/processor.h>
 
-extern void check_bugs(void);
-
 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_SUP_INTEL) && defined(CONFIG_X86_32)
 int ppro_with_ram_bug(void);
 #else
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/api.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/api.h
index 503a577814b2..b475d9a582b8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/api.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/api.h
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ extern void fpu_reset_from_exception_fixup(void);
 
 /* Boot, hotplug and resume */
 extern void fpu__init_cpu(void);
-extern void fpu__init_system(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
+extern void fpu__init_system(void);
 extern void fpu__init_check_bugs(void);
 extern void fpu__resume_cpu(void);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mem_encrypt.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mem_encrypt.h
index b7126701574c..7f97a8a97e24 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mem_encrypt.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mem_encrypt.h
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
 
 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_MEM_ENCRYPT
+void __init mem_encrypt_init(void);
+#else
+static inline void mem_encrypt_init(void) { }
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
 
 extern u64 sme_me_mask;
@@ -87,9 +93,6 @@ static inline void mem_encrypt_free_decrypted_mem(void) { }
 
 #endif	/* CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT */
 
-/* Architecture __weak replacement functions */
-void __init mem_encrypt_init(void);
-
 void add_encrypt_protection_map(void);
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/sigframe.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/sigframe.h
index 5b1ed650b124..84eab2724875 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/sigframe.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/sigframe.h
@@ -85,6 +85,4 @@ struct rt_sigframe_x32 {
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
 
-void __init init_sigframe_size(void);
-
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_SIGFRAME_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
index 182af64387d0..9e2a91830f72 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
  *	- Andrew D. Balsa (code cleanup).
  */
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/utsname.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/nospec.h>
@@ -27,8 +26,6 @@
 #include <asm/msr.h>
 #include <asm/vmx.h>
 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
-#include <asm/alternative.h>
-#include <asm/set_memory.h>
 #include <asm/intel-family.h>
 #include <asm/e820/api.h>
 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
@@ -125,21 +122,8 @@ DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(switch_mm_cond_l1d_flush);
 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(mmio_stale_data_clear);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmio_stale_data_clear);
 
-void __init check_bugs(void)
+void __init cpu_select_mitigations(void)
 {
-	identify_boot_cpu();
-
-	/*
-	 * identify_boot_cpu() initialized SMT support information, let the
-	 * core code know.
-	 */
-	cpu_smt_check_topology();
-
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP)) {
-		pr_info("CPU: ");
-		print_cpu_info(&boot_cpu_data);
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Read the SPEC_CTRL MSR to account for reserved bits which may
 	 * have unknown values. AMD64_LS_CFG MSR is cached in the early AMD
@@ -176,39 +160,6 @@ void __init check_bugs(void)
 	md_clear_select_mitigation();
 	srbds_select_mitigation();
 	l1d_flush_select_mitigation();
-
-	arch_smt_update();
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
-	/*
-	 * Check whether we are able to run this kernel safely on SMP.
-	 *
-	 * - i386 is no longer supported.
-	 * - In order to run on anything without a TSC, we need to be
-	 *   compiled for a i486.
-	 */
-	if (boot_cpu_data.x86 < 4)
-		panic("Kernel requires i486+ for 'invlpg' and other features");
-
-	init_utsname()->machine[1] =
-		'0' + (boot_cpu_data.x86 > 6 ? 6 : boot_cpu_data.x86);
-	alternative_instructions();
-
-	fpu__init_check_bugs();
-#else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
-	alternative_instructions();
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure the first 2MB area is not mapped by huge pages
-	 * There are typically fixed size MTRRs in there and overlapping
-	 * MTRRs into large pages causes slow downs.
-	 *
-	 * Right now we don't do that with gbpages because there seems
-	 * very little benefit for that case.
-	 */
-	if (!direct_gbpages)
-		set_memory_4k((unsigned long)__va(0), 1);
-#endif
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
index 80710a68ef7d..46ebdd60fd96 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -18,12 +18,16 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
 #include <linux/kgdb.h>
+#include <linux/mem_encrypt.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
 #include <linux/pgtable.h>
 #include <linux/stackprotector.h>
+#include <linux/utsname.h>
 
+#include <asm/alternative.h>
 #include <asm/cmdline.h>
 #include <asm/perf_event.h>
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@
 #include <asm/intel-family.h>
 #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
 #include <asm/uv/uv.h>
-#include <asm/sigframe.h>
+#include <asm/set_memory.h>
 #include <asm/traps.h>
 #include <asm/sev.h>
 
@@ -1600,10 +1604,6 @@ static void __init early_identify_cpu(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
 
 	sld_setup(c);
 
-	fpu__init_system(c);
-
-	init_sigframe_size();
-
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 	/*
 	 * Regardless of whether PCID is enumerated, the SDM says
@@ -2285,8 +2285,6 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 
 	doublefault_init_cpu_tss();
 
-	fpu__init_cpu();
-
 	if (is_uv_system())
 		uv_cpu_init();
 
@@ -2302,6 +2300,7 @@ void cpu_init_secondary(void)
 	 */
 	cpu_init_exception_handling();
 	cpu_init();
+	fpu__init_cpu();
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -2362,3 +2361,69 @@ void arch_smt_update(void)
 	/* Check whether IPI broadcasting can be enabled */
 	apic_smt_update();
 }
+
+void __init arch_cpu_finalize_init(void)
+{
+	identify_boot_cpu();
+
+	/*
+	 * identify_boot_cpu() initialized SMT support information, let the
+	 * core code know.
+	 */
+	cpu_smt_check_topology();
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP)) {
+		pr_info("CPU: ");
+		print_cpu_info(&boot_cpu_data);
+	}
+
+	cpu_select_mitigations();
+
+	arch_smt_update();
+
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_32)) {
+		/*
+		 * Check whether this is a real i386 which is not longer
+		 * supported and fixup the utsname.
+		 */
+		if (boot_cpu_data.x86 < 4)
+			panic("Kernel requires i486+ for 'invlpg' and other features");
+
+		init_utsname()->machine[1] =
+			'0' + (boot_cpu_data.x86 > 6 ? 6 : boot_cpu_data.x86);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Must be before alternatives because it might set or clear
+	 * feature bits.
+	 */
+	fpu__init_system();
+	fpu__init_cpu();
+
+	alternative_instructions();
+
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64)) {
+		/*
+		 * Make sure the first 2MB area is not mapped by huge pages
+		 * There are typically fixed size MTRRs in there and overlapping
+		 * MTRRs into large pages causes slow downs.
+		 *
+		 * Right now we don't do that with gbpages because there seems
+		 * very little benefit for that case.
+		 */
+		if (!direct_gbpages)
+			set_memory_4k((unsigned long)__va(0), 1);
+	} else {
+		fpu__init_check_bugs();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This needs to be called before any devices perform DMA
+	 * operations that might use the SWIOTLB bounce buffers. It will
+	 * mark the bounce buffers as decrypted so that their usage will
+	 * not cause "plain-text" data to be decrypted when accessed. It
+	 * must be called after late_time_init() so that Hyper-V x86/x64
+	 * hypercalls work when the SWIOTLB bounce buffers are decrypted.
+	 */
+	mem_encrypt_init();
+}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
index f97b0fe13da8..1c44630d4789 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ extern void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
 extern void check_null_seg_clears_base(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
 
 unsigned int aperfmperf_get_khz(int cpu);
+void cpu_select_mitigations(void);
 
 extern void x86_spec_ctrl_setup_ap(void);
 extern void update_srbds_msr(void);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
index 851eb13edc01..998a08f17e33 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ void fpu__init_cpu(void)
 	fpu__init_cpu_xstate();
 }
 
-static bool fpu__probe_without_cpuid(void)
+static bool __init fpu__probe_without_cpuid(void)
 {
 	unsigned long cr0;
 	u16 fsw, fcw;
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static bool fpu__probe_without_cpuid(void)
 	return fsw == 0 && (fcw & 0x103f) == 0x003f;
 }
 
-static void fpu__init_system_early_generic(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
+static void __init fpu__init_system_early_generic(void)
 {
 	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_CPUID) &&
 	    !test_bit(X86_FEATURE_FPU, (unsigned long *)cpu_caps_cleared)) {
@@ -211,10 +211,10 @@ static void __init fpu__init_system_xstate_size_legacy(void)
  * Called on the boot CPU once per system bootup, to set up the initial
  * FPU state that is later cloned into all processes:
  */
-void __init fpu__init_system(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
+void __init fpu__init_system(void)
 {
 	fpstate_reset(&current->thread.fpu);
-	fpu__init_system_early_generic(c);
+	fpu__init_system_early_generic();
 
 	/*
 	 * The FPU has to be operational for some of the
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
index 004cb30b7419..cfeec3ee877e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ get_sigframe(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, size_t frame_size,
 static unsigned long __ro_after_init max_frame_size;
 static unsigned int __ro_after_init fpu_default_state_size;
 
-void __init init_sigframe_size(void)
+static int __init init_sigframe_size(void)
 {
 	fpu_default_state_size = fpu__get_fpstate_size();
 
@@ -194,7 +194,9 @@ void __init init_sigframe_size(void)
 	max_frame_size = round_up(max_frame_size, FRAME_ALIGNMENT);
 
 	pr_info("max sigframe size: %lu\n", max_frame_size);
+	return 0;
 }
+early_initcall(init_sigframe_size);
 
 unsigned long get_sigframe_size(void)
 {
diff --git a/arch/xtensa/include/asm/bugs.h b/arch/xtensa/include/asm/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 69b29d198249..000000000000
--- a/arch/xtensa/include/asm/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * include/asm-xtensa/bugs.h
- *
- * This is included by init/main.c to check for architecture-dependent bugs.
- *
- * Xtensa processors don't have any bugs.  :)
- *
- * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General
- * Public License.  See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of
- * this archive for more details.
- */
-
-#ifndef _XTENSA_BUGS_H
-#define _XTENSA_BUGS_H
-
-static void check_bugs(void) { }
-
-#endif /* _XTENSA_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/include/asm-generic/bugs.h b/include/asm-generic/bugs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 69021830f078..000000000000
--- a/include/asm-generic/bugs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-#ifndef __ASM_GENERIC_BUGS_H
-#define __ASM_GENERIC_BUGS_H
-/*
- * This file is included by 'init/main.c' to check for
- * architecture-dependent bugs.
- */
-
-static inline void check_bugs(void) { }
-
-#endif	/* __ASM_GENERIC_BUGS_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/cpu.h b/include/linux/cpu.h
index 8582a7142623..4893c4ac026d 100644
--- a/include/linux/cpu.h
+++ b/include/linux/cpu.h
@@ -184,6 +184,12 @@ void arch_cpu_idle_enter(void);
 void arch_cpu_idle_exit(void);
 void __noreturn arch_cpu_idle_dead(void);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_CPU_FINALIZE_INIT
+void arch_cpu_finalize_init(void);
+#else
+static inline void arch_cpu_finalize_init(void) { }
+#endif
+
 int cpu_report_state(int cpu);
 int cpu_check_up_prepare(int cpu);
 void cpu_set_state_online(int cpu);
diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index af50044deed5..32c65f28d84a 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@
 #include <linux/cache.h>
 #include <linux/rodata_test.h>
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
-#include <linux/mem_encrypt.h>
 #include <linux/kcsan.h>
 #include <linux/init_syscalls.h>
 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
@@ -103,7 +102,6 @@
 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
 
 #include <asm/io.h>
-#include <asm/bugs.h>
 #include <asm/setup.h>
 #include <asm/sections.h>
 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
@@ -787,8 +785,6 @@ void __init __weak thread_stack_cache_init(void)
 }
 #endif
 
-void __init __weak mem_encrypt_init(void) { }
-
 void __init __weak poking_init(void) { }
 
 void __init __weak pgtable_cache_init(void) { }
@@ -1042,15 +1038,7 @@ asmlinkage __visible void __init __no_sanitize_address __noreturn start_kernel(v
 	sched_clock_init();
 	calibrate_delay();
 
-	/*
-	 * This needs to be called before any devices perform DMA
-	 * operations that might use the SWIOTLB bounce buffers. It will
-	 * mark the bounce buffers as decrypted so that their usage will
-	 * not cause "plain-text" data to be decrypted when accessed. It
-	 * must be called after late_time_init() so that Hyper-V x86/x64
-	 * hypercalls work when the SWIOTLB bounce buffers are decrypted.
-	 */
-	mem_encrypt_init();
+	arch_cpu_finalize_init();
 
 	pid_idr_init();
 	anon_vma_init();
@@ -1078,8 +1066,6 @@ asmlinkage __visible void __init __no_sanitize_address __noreturn start_kernel(v
 	taskstats_init_early();
 	delayacct_init();
 
-	check_bugs();
-
 	acpi_subsystem_init();
 	arch_post_acpi_subsys_init();
 	kcsan_init();
