[RFC,0/9] shmem: fix llseek in hugepages

  Hi,

The following series fixes the generic/285 and generic/436 fstests for huge
pages (huge=always). These are tests for llseek (SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA).

The implementation to fix above tests is based on iomap per-block tracking for
uptodate and dirty states but applied to shmem uptodate flag.

The motivation is to avoid any regressions in tmpfs once it gets support for
large folios.

Testing with kdevops
Testing has been performed using fstests with kdevops for the v6.8-rc2 tag.
There are currently different profiles supported [1] and for each of these,
a baseline of 20 loops has been performed with the following failures for
hugepages profiles: generic/080, generic/126, generic/193, generic/245,
generic/285, generic/436, generic/551, generic/619 and generic/732.

If anyone interested, please find all of the failures in the expunges directory:
https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned

[1] tmpfs profiles supported in kdevops: default, tmpfs_noswap_huge_never,
tmpfs_noswap_huge_always, tmpfs_noswap_huge_within_size,
tmpfs_noswap_huge_advise, tmpfs_huge_always, tmpfs_huge_within_size and
tmpfs_huge_advise.

More information:
https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned

All the patches has been tested on top of v6.8-rc2 and rebased onto latest next
tag available (next-20240209).

Daniel

Daniel Gomez (8):
  shmem: add per-block uptodate tracking for hugepages
  shmem: move folio zero operation to write_begin()
  shmem: exit shmem_get_folio_gfp() if block is uptodate
  shmem: clear_highpage() if block is not uptodate
  shmem: set folio uptodate when reclaim
  shmem: check if a block is uptodate before splice into pipe
  shmem: clear uptodate blocks after PUNCH_HOLE
  shmem: enable per-block uptodate

Pankaj Raghav (1):
  splice: don't check for uptodate if partially uptodate is impl

 fs/splice.c |  17 ++-
 mm/shmem.c  | 340 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 332 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

-- 
2.43.0
  

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:29:01PM +0000, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> The following series fixes the generic/285 and generic/436 fstests for huge
> pages (huge=always). These are tests for llseek (SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA).
> 
> The implementation to fix above tests is based on iomap per-block tracking for
> uptodate and dirty states but applied to shmem uptodate flag.

Hi Hugh, Andrew,

Could you kindly provide feedback on these patches/fixes? I'd appreciate your
input on whether we're headed in the right direction, or maybe not.

Thanks,
Daniel

> 
> The motivation is to avoid any regressions in tmpfs once it gets support for
> large folios.
> 
> Testing with kdevops
> Testing has been performed using fstests with kdevops for the v6.8-rc2 tag.
> There are currently different profiles supported [1] and for each of these,
> a baseline of 20 loops has been performed with the following failures for
> hugepages profiles: generic/080, generic/126, generic/193, generic/245,
> generic/285, generic/436, generic/551, generic/619 and generic/732.
> 
> If anyone interested, please find all of the failures in the expunges directory:
> https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned
> 
> [1] tmpfs profiles supported in kdevops: default, tmpfs_noswap_huge_never,
> tmpfs_noswap_huge_always, tmpfs_noswap_huge_within_size,
> tmpfs_noswap_huge_advise, tmpfs_huge_always, tmpfs_huge_within_size and
> tmpfs_huge_advise.
> 
> More information:
> https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned
> 
> All the patches has been tested on top of v6.8-rc2 and rebased onto latest next
> tag available (next-20240209).
> 
> Daniel
> 
> Daniel Gomez (8):
>   shmem: add per-block uptodate tracking for hugepages
>   shmem: move folio zero operation to write_begin()
>   shmem: exit shmem_get_folio_gfp() if block is uptodate
>   shmem: clear_highpage() if block is not uptodate
>   shmem: set folio uptodate when reclaim
>   shmem: check if a block is uptodate before splice into pipe
>   shmem: clear uptodate blocks after PUNCH_HOLE
>   shmem: enable per-block uptodate
> 
> Pankaj Raghav (1):
>   splice: don't check for uptodate if partially uptodate is impl
> 
>  fs/splice.c |  17 ++-
>  mm/shmem.c  | 340 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>  2 files changed, 332 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> 
> -- 
> 2.43.0
  

On Wed, 14 Feb 2024, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:29:01PM +0000, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > The following series fixes the generic/285 and generic/436 fstests for huge
> > pages (huge=always). These are tests for llseek (SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA).
> > 
> > The implementation to fix above tests is based on iomap per-block tracking for
> > uptodate and dirty states but applied to shmem uptodate flag.
> 
> Hi Hugh, Andrew,
> 
> Could you kindly provide feedback on these patches/fixes? I'd appreciate your
> input on whether we're headed in the right direction, or maybe not.

I am sorry, Daniel, but I see this series as misdirected effort.

We do not want to add overhead to tmpfs and the kernel, just to pass two
tests which were (very reasonably) written for fixed block size, before
the huge page possibility ever came in.

If one opts for transparent huge pages in the filesystem, then of course
the dividing line between hole and data becomes more elastic than before.

It would be a serious bug if lseek ever reported an area of non-0 data as
in a hole; but I don't think that is what generic/285 or generic/436 find.

Beyond that, "man 2 lseek" is very forgiving of filesystem implementation.

I'll send you my stack of xfstests patches (which, as usual, I cannot
afford the time now to re-review and post): there are several tweaks to
seek_sanity_test in there for tmpfs huge pages, along with other fixes
for tmpfs (and some fixes to suit an old 32-bit build environment).

With those tweaks, generic/285 and generic/436 and others (but not all)
have been passing on huge tmpfs for several years.  If you see something
you'd like to add your name to in that stack, or can improve upon, please
go ahead and post to the fstests list (Cc me).

Thanks,
Hugh

> 
> Thanks,
> Daniel
> 
> > 
> > The motivation is to avoid any regressions in tmpfs once it gets support for
> > large folios.
> > 
> > Testing with kdevops
> > Testing has been performed using fstests with kdevops for the v6.8-rc2 tag.
> > There are currently different profiles supported [1] and for each of these,
> > a baseline of 20 loops has been performed with the following failures for
> > hugepages profiles: generic/080, generic/126, generic/193, generic/245,
> > generic/285, generic/436, generic/551, generic/619 and generic/732.
> > 
> > If anyone interested, please find all of the failures in the expunges directory:
> > https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned
> > 
> > [1] tmpfs profiles supported in kdevops: default, tmpfs_noswap_huge_never,
> > tmpfs_noswap_huge_always, tmpfs_noswap_huge_within_size,
> > tmpfs_noswap_huge_advise, tmpfs_huge_always, tmpfs_huge_within_size and
> > tmpfs_huge_advise.
> > 
> > More information:
> > https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned
> > 
> > All the patches has been tested on top of v6.8-rc2 and rebased onto latest next
> > tag available (next-20240209).
> > 
> > Daniel
> > 
> > Daniel Gomez (8):
> >   shmem: add per-block uptodate tracking for hugepages
> >   shmem: move folio zero operation to write_begin()
> >   shmem: exit shmem_get_folio_gfp() if block is uptodate
> >   shmem: clear_highpage() if block is not uptodate
> >   shmem: set folio uptodate when reclaim
> >   shmem: check if a block is uptodate before splice into pipe
> >   shmem: clear uptodate blocks after PUNCH_HOLE
> >   shmem: enable per-block uptodate
> > 
> > Pankaj Raghav (1):
> >   splice: don't check for uptodate if partially uptodate is impl
> > 
> >  fs/splice.c |  17 ++-
> >  mm/shmem.c  | 340 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> >  2 files changed, 332 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> > 
> > -- 
> > 2.43.0
  

On Mon, Feb 19, 2024 at 02:15:47AM -0800, Hugh Dickins wrote:
> On Wed, 14 Feb 2024, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> > On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:29:01PM +0000, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > > 
> > > The following series fixes the generic/285 and generic/436 fstests for huge
> > > pages (huge=always). These are tests for llseek (SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA).
> > > 
> > > The implementation to fix above tests is based on iomap per-block tracking for
> > > uptodate and dirty states but applied to shmem uptodate flag.
> > 
> > Hi Hugh, Andrew,
> > 
> > Could you kindly provide feedback on these patches/fixes? I'd appreciate your
> > input on whether we're headed in the right direction, or maybe not.
> 
> I am sorry, Daniel, but I see this series as misdirected effort.
> 
> We do not want to add overhead to tmpfs and the kernel, just to pass two
> tests which were (very reasonably) written for fixed block size, before
> the huge page possibility ever came in.

Is this overhead a concern in performance? Can you clarify what do you mean?

I guess is a matter of which kind of granularity we want for a filesystem. Then,
we can either adapt the test to work with different block sizes or change the
filesystem to support this fixed and minimum block size.

I believe the tests should remain unchanged if we still want to operate at this
fixed block size, regardless of how the memory is managed in the filesystem side
(whether is a huge page or a large folio with arbitrary order).

> 
> If one opts for transparent huge pages in the filesystem, then of course
> the dividing line between hole and data becomes more elastic than before.

I'm uncertain when we may want to be more elastic. In the case of XFS with iomap
and support for large folios, for instance, we are 'less' elastic than here So,
what exactly is the rationale behind wanting shmem to be 'more elastic'?

If we ever move shmem to large folios [1], and we use them in an oportunistic way,
then we are going to be more elastic in the default path.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsung.com

In addition, I think that having this block granularity can benefit quota
support and the reclaim path. For example, in the generic/100 fstest, around
~26M of data are reported as 1G of used disk when using tmpfs with huge pages.

> 
> It would be a serious bug if lseek ever reported an area of non-0 data as
> in a hole; but I don't think that is what generic/285 or generic/436 find.

I agree this is not the case here. We mark the entire folio (huge page) as
uptodate, hence we report that full area as data, making steps of 2M.

> 
> Beyond that, "man 2 lseek" is very forgiving of filesystem implementation.

Thanks for bringing that up. This got me thinking along the same lines as
before, wanting to understand where we want to draw the line and the reasons
benhind it.

> 
> I'll send you my stack of xfstests patches (which, as usual, I cannot
> afford the time now to re-review and post): there are several tweaks to
> seek_sanity_test in there for tmpfs huge pages, along with other fixes
> for tmpfs (and some fixes to suit an old 32-bit build environment).
> 
> With those tweaks, generic/285 and generic/436 and others (but not all)
> have been passing on huge tmpfs for several years.  If you see something
> you'd like to add your name to in that stack, or can improve upon, please
> go ahead and post to the fstests list (Cc me).

Thanks for the patches Hugh. I see how you are making the seeking tests a bit
more 'elastic'. I will post them shortly and see if we can make sure we can
minimize the number of failures [2].

In kdevops [3], we are discussing the possibility to add tmpfs to 0-day and
track for any regressions.

[2] https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops/tree/master/workflows/fstests/expunges/6.8.0-rc2/tmpfs/unassigned
[3] https://github.com/linux-kdevops/kdevops

> 
> Thanks,
> Hugh
> 
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Daniel
> > 
> > > 
> > > The motivation is to avoid any regressions in tmpfs once it gets support for
> > > large folios.
> > > 
> > > Testing with kdevops
> > > Testing has been performed using fstests with kdevops for the v6.8-rc2 tag.
> > > There are currently different profiles supported [1] and for each of these,
> > > a baseline of 20 loops has been performed with the following failures for
> > > hugepages profiles: generic/080, generic/126, generic/193, generic/245,
> > > generic/285, generic/436, generic/551, generic/619 and generic/732.
> > > 
> > > If anyone interested, please find all of the failures in the expunges directory:
> > > https://protect2.fireeye.com/v1/url?k=9a7b8131-fbf09401-9a7a0a7e-000babffaa23-2e83e8b120fdf45e&q=1&e=e25c026a-1bb5-45f4-8acb-884e4a5e4d91&u=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Flinux-kdevops%2Fkdevops%2Ftree%2Fmaster%2Fworkflows%2Ffstests%2Fexpunges%2F6.8.0-rc2%2Ftmpfs%2Funassigned
> > > 
> > > [1] tmpfs profiles supported in kdevops: default, tmpfs_noswap_huge_never,
> > > tmpfs_noswap_huge_always, tmpfs_noswap_huge_within_size,
> > > tmpfs_noswap_huge_advise, tmpfs_huge_always, tmpfs_huge_within_size and
> > > tmpfs_huge_advise.
> > > 
> > > More information:
> > > https://protect2.fireeye.com/v1/url?k=70096f39-11827a09-7008e476-000babffaa23-4c0e0d7b2ec659b6&q=1&e=e25c026a-1bb5-45f4-8acb-884e4a5e4d91&u=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Flinux-kdevops%2Fkdevops%2Ftree%2Fmaster%2Fworkflows%2Ffstests%2Fexpunges%2F6.8.0-rc2%2Ftmpfs%2Funassigned
> > > 
> > > All the patches has been tested on top of v6.8-rc2 and rebased onto latest next
> > > tag available (next-20240209).
> > > 
> > > Daniel
> > > 
> > > Daniel Gomez (8):
> > >   shmem: add per-block uptodate tracking for hugepages
> > >   shmem: move folio zero operation to write_begin()
> > >   shmem: exit shmem_get_folio_gfp() if block is uptodate
> > >   shmem: clear_highpage() if block is not uptodate
> > >   shmem: set folio uptodate when reclaim
> > >   shmem: check if a block is uptodate before splice into pipe
> > >   shmem: clear uptodate blocks after PUNCH_HOLE
> > >   shmem: enable per-block uptodate
> > > 
> > > Pankaj Raghav (1):
> > >   splice: don't check for uptodate if partially uptodate is impl
> > > 
> > >  fs/splice.c |  17 ++-
> > >  mm/shmem.c  | 340 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> > >  2 files changed, 332 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > 2.43.0
  

On Tue 20-02-24 10:26:48, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 19, 2024 at 02:15:47AM -0800, Hugh Dickins wrote:
> I'm uncertain when we may want to be more elastic. In the case of XFS with iomap
> and support for large folios, for instance, we are 'less' elastic than here. So,
> what exactly is the rationale behind wanting shmem to be 'more elastic'?

Well, but if you allocated space in larger chunks - as is the case with
ext4 and bigalloc feature, you will be similarly 'elastic' as tmpfs with
large folio support... So simply the granularity of allocation of
underlying space is what matters here. And for tmpfs the underlying space
happens to be the page cache.

> If we ever move shmem to large folios [1], and we use them in an oportunistic way,
> then we are going to be more elastic in the default path.
> 
> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsung.com
> 
> In addition, I think that having this block granularity can benefit quota
> support and the reclaim path. For example, in the generic/100 fstest, around
> ~26M of data are reported as 1G of used disk when using tmpfs with huge pages.

And I'd argue this is a desirable thing. If 1G worth of pages is attached
to the inode, then quota should be accounting 1G usage even though you've
written just 26MB of data to the file. Quota is about constraining used
resources, not about "how much did I write to the file".

								Honza
  

On Tue, Feb 20, 2024 at 01:39:05PM +0100, Jan Kara wrote:
> On Tue 20-02-24 10:26:48, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> > On Mon, Feb 19, 2024 at 02:15:47AM -0800, Hugh Dickins wrote:
> > I'm uncertain when we may want to be more elastic. In the case of XFS with iomap
> > and support for large folios, for instance, we are 'less' elastic than here. So,
> > what exactly is the rationale behind wanting shmem to be 'more elastic'?
> 
> Well, but if you allocated space in larger chunks - as is the case with
> ext4 and bigalloc feature, you will be similarly 'elastic' as tmpfs with
> large folio support... So simply the granularity of allocation of
> underlying space is what matters here. And for tmpfs the underlying space
> happens to be the page cache.

But it seems like the underlying space 'behaves' differently when we talk about
large folios and huge pages. Is that correct? And this is reflected in the fstat
st_blksize. The first one is always based on the host base page size, regardless
of the order we get. The second one is always based on the host huge page size
configured (at the moment I've tested 2MiB, and 1GiB for x86-64 and 2MiB, 512
MiB and 16GiB for ARM64).

If that is the case, I'd agree this is not needed for huge pages but only when
we adopt large folios. Otherwise, we won't have a way to determine the step/
granularity for seeking data/holes as it could be anything from order-0 to
order-9. Note: order-1 support currently in LBS v1 thread here [1].

Regarding large folios adoption, we have the following implementations [2] being
sent to the mailing list. Would it make sense then, to have this block tracking
for the large folios case? Notice that my last attempt includes a partial
implementation of block tracking discussed here.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240226094936.2677493-2-kernel@pankajraghav.com/

[2] shmem: high order folios support in write path
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230915095042.1320180-1-da.gomez@samsung.com/
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsung.com/
v3 (RFC): https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231028211518.3424020-1-da.gomez@samsung.com/

> 
> > If we ever move shmem to large folios [1], and we use them in an oportunistic way,
> > then we are going to be more elastic in the default path.
> > 
> > [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsung.com
> > 
> > In addition, I think that having this block granularity can benefit quota
> > support and the reclaim path. For example, in the generic/100 fstest, around
> > ~26M of data are reported as 1G of used disk when using tmpfs with huge pages.
> 
> And I'd argue this is a desirable thing. If 1G worth of pages is attached
> to the inode, then quota should be accounting 1G usage even though you've
> written just 26MB of data to the file. Quota is about constraining used
> resources, not about "how much did I write to the file".

But these are two separate values. I get that the system wants to track how many
pages are attached to the inode, so is there a way to report (in addition) the
actual use of these pages being consumed?

> 
> 								Honza
> -- 
> Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
> SUSE Labs, CR
  

On Tue, Feb 27, 2024 at 11:42:01AM +0000, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 20, 2024 at 01:39:05PM +0100, Jan Kara wrote:
> > On Tue 20-02-24 10:26:48, Daniel Gomez wrote:
> > > On Mon, Feb 19, 2024 at 02:15:47AM -0800, Hugh Dickins wrote:
> > > I'm uncertain when we may want to be more elastic. In the case of XFS with iomap
> > > and support for large folios, for instance, we are 'less' elastic than here. So,
> > > what exactly is the rationale behind wanting shmem to be 'more elastic'?
> > 
> > Well, but if you allocated space in larger chunks - as is the case with
> > ext4 and bigalloc feature, you will be similarly 'elastic' as tmpfs with
> > large folio support... So simply the granularity of allocation of
> > underlying space is what matters here. And for tmpfs the underlying space
> > happens to be the page cache.
> 
> But it seems like the underlying space 'behaves' differently when we talk about
> large folios and huge pages. Is that correct? And this is reflected in the fstat
> st_blksize. The first one is always based on the host base page size, regardless
> of the order we get. The second one is always based on the host huge page size
> configured (at the moment I've tested 2MiB, and 1GiB for x86-64 and 2MiB, 512
> MiB and 16GiB for ARM64).

Apologies, I was mixing the values available in HugeTLB and those supported in
THP (pmd-size only). Thus, it is 2MiB for x86-64, and 2MiB, 32 MiB and 512 MiB
for ARM64 with 4k, 16k and 64k Base Page Size, respectively.

> 
> If that is the case, I'd agree this is not needed for huge pages but only when
> we adopt large folios. Otherwise, we won't have a way to determine the step/
> granularity for seeking data/holes as it could be anything from order-0 to
> order-9. Note: order-1 support currently in LBS v1 thread here [1].
> 
> Regarding large folios adoption, we have the following implementations [2] being
> sent to the mailing list. Would it make sense then, to have this block tracking
> for the large folios case? Notice that my last attempt includes a partial
> implementation of block tracking discussed here.
> 
> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240226094936.2677493-2-kernel@pankajraghav.com/
> 
> [2] shmem: high order folios support in write path
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230915095042.1320180-1-da.gomez@samsungcom/
> v2: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsungcom/
> v3 (RFC): https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231028211518.3424020-1-da.gomez@samsung.com/
> 
> > 
> > > If we ever move shmem to large folios [1], and we use them in an oportunistic way,
> > > then we are going to be more elastic in the default path.
> > > 
> > > [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230919135536.2165715-1-da.gomez@samsung.com
> > > 
> > > In addition, I think that having this block granularity can benefit quota
> > > support and the reclaim path. For example, in the generic/100 fstest, around
> > > ~26M of data are reported as 1G of used disk when using tmpfs with huge pages.
> > 
> > And I'd argue this is a desirable thing. If 1G worth of pages is attached
> > to the inode, then quota should be accounting 1G usage even though you've
> > written just 26MB of data to the file. Quota is about constraining used
> > resources, not about "how much did I write to the file".
> 
> But these are two separate values. I get that the system wants to track how many
> pages are attached to the inode, so is there a way to report (in addition) the
> actual use of these pages being consumed?
> 
> > 
> > 								Honza
> > -- 
> > Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
> > SUSE Labs, CR